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The Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), met in Luanda, Angola on 1-3 October 2002, and was chaired by His Excellency, Mr Jose Eduardo dos Santos, President of the Republic of Angola.
- The Heads of State and Government of SADC present at the Summit were:
| Angola |
H.E. President Jose Eduardo dos Santos |
| Botswana |
H.E. President Festus G. Mogae |
| Democratic Republic of Congo |
H. E. Joseph Kabila |
| Malawi |
H.E. President Bakili Muluzi |
| Mozambique |
H.E. President Joaquim Chissano |
| Namibia |
H.E. President Sam Nujoma |
| South Africa |
H.E President Thabo Mbeki |
| Swaziland |
H. M. King Mswati III |
| United Republic of Tanzania |
H.E. President Benjamin W. Mkapa |
| Zambia |
H.E. President Levy Mwanawasa |
| Zimbabwe |
H.E. President Robert G. Mugabe |
- The Head of State and Government of Lesotho was represented by Hon. Deputy Prime Minister Lehohla; that of Mauritius by Hon. Deputy Prime Minister Paul Berenger; and that of Seychelles by H.E. Peter Sinon, High Commissioner of Seychelles to South Africa.
- Also in attendance were the President of the African Development Bank, H. E. Omar Kabbaj, the Interim Chairperson of the African Union Commission, H.E. Amara Essy, the Assistant Secretary General of the Common Market of Eastern and Southern Africa, Mr Sindiso Ngwenya and the Director of the UN Economic Commission for Africa, (ECA) Regional Office for Southern Africa, Mr Robert Okello.
- In his address to the opening session of the Summit, the outgoing SADC Chairperson, H.E. Bakili Muluzi, President of the Republic of Malawi, described 2002 as a historic year for the region as epitomised by the peace and stability in Angola, the withdrawal of troops from the DRC, the launch of the African Union and the hosting of the World Summit on Sustainable Development. President Muluzi also spoke about the need for sustainable development and emphasised that it required acknowledging people and putting them at the centre of development policies. He called for the empowerment of all peoples, particularly women and the poor in order for them to play a meaningful role in the management of the region's abundant natural resources.
- The incoming Chairperson of SADC, H.E. Jose Eduardo Dos Santos, President of the Republic of Angola and host of the 2002 Summit, extended a warm welcome to SADC Heads of State and Government, and other delegates to Angola. He noted that the Summit was taking place at the time when Angola had achieved peace and stability. He noted that SADC had to define the correct strategy for the also harmonisation of macroeconomic policies bearing in mind the need for regional economic growth and the potential of each country. President Dos Santos called on SADC to pay special attention to women within the context of human development, especially in the area of education as it has been proven that higher literacy among women contributes to the reduction of child mortality.
- In his address to the Summit, the President of the African Development Bank, His Excellency Omar Kabbaj said that SADC holds the promise of achieving rapid and sustainable development as a result of the commitment of its members to regional cooperation and integration. He noted that SADC had made significant progress in drawing up effective plans for the exploitation of common resources and for the development of regional infrastructure projects.
- In his remarks, the Executive Secretary of SADC, Dr Prega Ramsamy noted that with peace and stability in SADC, the prospects for enhancing and consolidating the integration process were now brighter. He indicated that substantial progress had been achieved in the Restructuring of SADC Institutions, a process aimed at consolidating and deepening the SADC integration agenda. He also highlighted the inclusiveness aspects of the exercise.
- The official opening of the Summit also witnessed the announcement of the winners of the 2002 Regional Secondary Schools Essay Competition, the theme of which was natural resources and the environment in the context of sustainable development. The first prize was awarded to: Vicky K Luchman of Mauritius, the second prize to Melissa Meyer of Namibia and the third to Kagiso Jani of Botswana.
- Three media practitioners received certificates and prizes for having contributed the best printed work to the first SADC Media Award Competition. They are Raphael Mweninguwe from Malawi, Ellen Chikale from Zambia and Takawira Musara from Zimbabwe.
- The official opening session also witnessed the ceremonial handover of the chairpersonship from His Excellency, Dr Bakili Muluzi, President of the Republic of Malawi to His Excellency President Jose Eduardo Dos Santos. Summit also elected President Benjamin Mkapa of the United Republic of Tanzania as Deputy Chairperson of SADC.
- Summit unanimously re-elected President Joaquim Chissano, President of the Republic of Mozambique as Chairperson of the Organ on Politics, Defence and Security Cooperation for a further one-year term and the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Lesotho, Prof. Pakalitha Mosisili as the Deputy Chairperson.
- On the political situation, Summit expressed satisfaction that a new era of peace and stability had dawned in the region with the ceasefire agreement signed in Angola in April 2002 and a number of agreements signed between the Government of the DRC and other parties to the DRC conflict.
- Summit received a briefing from the Government of Angola on the latest military and political developments in the country. It was indicated that fighting had stopped completely in the entire country since the signing of the peace agreement on April 4, 2002. So far, 5, 000 former UNITA soldiers have been integrated into the national army and police, UNITA has been de-militarised and is now a political party and demobilised soldiers are being integrated into society and some are being trained for civilian jobs.
- Summit welcomed with satisfaction the return of peace in Angola, which represents an added value to the stability of the Southern and Central African regions as well as of the African continent as a whole. It commended the Government and the People of Angola for embracing the spirit of national reconciliation and, in particular, His Excellency President JosР№ Eduardo dos Santos for his demonstrated magnanimity and encouraged the people of Angola to pursue the path of peace. In this regard, Summit welcomed the Angolan GovernmentСћs decision to hold elections in principle in 2004.
- Summit acknowledged with appreciation the efforts made by the Government of Angola and the international community in the provision of humanitarian assistance to the demobilized former UNITA forces, to their families and to all population affected by war as well as in the mobilization of resources for social integration.
- Summit expressed its support to the ongoing efforts aimed at providing assistance to demobilized soldiers, orphans, internally displaced people and the population affected by the war, with a view to ensuring their social reintegration and rehabilitation.
- Summit appealed to the international community at large and to the African community, in particular, to continue providing urgent humanitarian assistance to enable the Angolan people to address the humanitarian challenges facing the country. It further appealed to the international community to respond favourably to the planned donors' conference for the social reintegration, reconstruction and development of Angola to be held under the auspices of the United Nations.
- His Excellency President Joseph Kabila briefed the Summit on the latest developments in the resolution of the conflict in the DRC which has so far claimed three million lives.
- Summit commended the DRC Government, and in particular President Kabila for his flexibility and goodwill towards building peace and promoting national reconciliation. Summit pledged its continued support for the DRC in its efforts to re-build the country and a new society.
- His Excellency President Robert Mugabe briefed the Summit on the situation in Zimbabwe particularly on the land reform programme.
- Summit also noted that the region continues with efforts directed at deepening and accelerating reforms to constitutional, political and electoral systems to ensure that they are participatory, transparent, accountable, inclusive and predictable.
- Summit received a report from the Chairperson of the Organ on Politics, Defence and Security Cooperation, His Excellency President Joaquim Chissano of Mozambique, which gave an overall picture of the political, defence and security situation in the region. The report covered developments in Angola, DRC and Zimbabwe as well as combating terrorism, the status of ratification of the Protocol of Politics, Defence and Security Cooperation which has been ratified by six countries, the humanitarian crisis and disaster management.
- Summit noted that at the continental level, through collective efforts, remarkable progress has been achieved towards strengthening African unity. To this end, a giant step has been taken with the launch of the African Union in July 2002 in Durban, South Africa. Summit also noted that the region is faced with a formidable challenge to ensure that the African Union works for the benefit of all the people of the continent.
- With regard to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD), Summit appointed His Excellency, President Jose Eduardo Dos Santos as the fourth member to represent SADC on the NEPAD Heads of State Implementation Committee. The other Heads of State in the Committee are His Excellency President Festus Mogae of Botswana, His Excellency President Joaquim Chissano of Mozambique and His Excellency President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa. Summit also noted that regional SADC projects are being developed and consolidated for submission to NEPAD.
- With regard to the economic situation, Summit observed that on average, the region has achieved positive GDP growth rates since the mid 1990s. Notwithstanding this, Summit acknowledged that the region still faces major challenges such as poverty, low rates of growth, low levels of industrialisation, inadequate macro-economic policy coordination, HIV/AIDS and food insecurity. In this respect, Summit mandated the Troika to guide and expedite the development of the Regional Indicative Strategic Plan (RISDP) which should be completed soon. Summit also directed the Ministers responsible for Economic Development and Finance to meet urgently to work on a short/term plan to revitalise the regional economy with a view to ensuring sustained growth and development.
- Summit further noted that during 2001, SADC Member States continued to implement policies aimed at reducing inflation to one digit levels. However, the current status reflects that there has been a reduction of the average inflation rate for SADC from approximately 11 per cent in 2000, to 10 per cent in 2001.
- Summit noted the devastating effects of HIV/AIDS as well as Tuberculosis, Malaria and other infectious diseases on the population of the region. In particular, Summit expressed concern that the HIV/AIDS pandemic in the Southern African region continues to be a major developmental challenge. In this regard, Summit urged Member States to mobilise more resources to fight this pandemic and other communicable diseases. Summit noted that SADC Ministers of Health have undertaken to ensure that the region meets the polio certification target by 2005.
- Summit noted with great concern the food crisis gripping six Member States in the region and the attendant humanitarian situation caused by the acute food shortages. The six countries affected are Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Summit also noted that Angola and DRC were also forecasting food shortages.
- Summit noted with appreciation that the World Food Programme (WFP) in collaboration with the affected Member States has been distributing relief food to 4.3 million people in the affected countries since April 2002. The number of people -affected by the food crisis is estimated to rise to 14.4 million by March 2003, requiring an additional 1.05 million tonnes of cereals from September 2002.
- Summit noted the Joint SADC/UN Appeal for assistance to avert the humanitarian Crisis, which was launched in New York on 18th July 2002 for an amount of US$611 million. Of this total, US$507 million is for food aid and US$31 million is for agriculture, among others, for the six affected countries. By September 2002, about US$183 million had been mobilized for food aid and US$12 million for non-food requirements. Summit called upon the SADC Secretariat to intensify its resource mobilisation efforts.
- Summit welcomed with gratitude an offer of 100,000 tonnes of maize by South Africa to be distributed through WFP and the milling at its own cost, of the 600,000 tonnes of GMO maize currently stored at the port of Durban.
- Summit also urged Member States assisted by the SADC Secretariat to continue taking concerted measures to address the medium and long-term challenges posed by the food crisis.
- With regard to Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), Summit noted that Member States are in the process of enacting GMOs legislation. To-date South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe have enacted legislation on GMOs.
- Summit also noted the establishment by the SADC Council of Ministers of an Advisory Committee on GMOs to develop guidelines to assist Member States guard against potential risks in Food Safety, Contamination of Genetic Resources, Ethical issues, Trade related issues and Consumer concerns.
- Summit also noted that Member States are at liberty to take a position to accept or reject GMO grain coming as food aid. In the event that a Member State accepts this grain, it should undertake awareness campaigns to ensure that GMO maize is not planted and also ensure that all GMO maize is milled into flour before any distribution to beneficiaries. As a long-term measure, Member States should develop capacity to deal with GMO issues particularly for testing and monitoring.
- On the issue of gender equality, Summit received a report on the progress made by SADC Member States towards reaching the target of 30% of women in politics and decision-making structures by the year 2005, which was set out in the 1997 SADC Declaration on Gender and Development.
- Summit observed that overall women remain largely under represented in decision-making positions. Most reports recommend that more work should be done in order to achieve the minimum target. Summit urged Member States to continue to seize the opportunity presented by elections and cabinet reshuffles to nominate more women in decision-making positions.
- On community building, Summit noted that twenty-one protocols have been successfully negotiated and concluded and of these, ten have entered into force. Summit also urged member States to ratify or accede to all Protocols as speedily as possible. Summit also signed four legal instruments, namely: the Protocol on Extradition, Protocol on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters, Protocol on Forestry and the Agreement Amending the Protocol on the Tribunal.
- Summit received a progress Report from the Council of Ministers on the implementation of the Review of the Operations of SADC institutions. These include the major tasks which have been completed, the tasks under implementation and the challenges being encountered in the restructuring process. Among the tasks completed are:
- The establishment of three Directorates, namely: Trade, Industry, Finance and Investment, Food, Agriculture, Natural Resources and Directorate on Social and Human Development and Special Programmes;
- Mobilisation of resources in the form of human resources from Member States through secondment of officers to the Directorates and funds from International Cooperating Partners (ICPs) for financing key activities related to the restructuring exercise;
- The adoption of a formula for Member States contribution;
- The establishment of SADC National Committees in most Member States;
- The completion of the Study on the Auditing of Assets, Programmes and projects of SCUs and SADC Institutions;
- The production of the Consolidated version of the Treaty and the consequential amendments of Protocols;
- Commencement of work on the RISDP, including the recruitment of experts and the production of the Interim Report on the RISDP;
- Summit directed that work on the RISDP should be expedited.
- Summit accepted the offer by His Excellency President Mkapa of the United Republic of Tanzania to host the next Summit of SADC Heads of State and Government in 2003 in Tanzania.
- Summit thanked His Excellency President Bakili Muluzi for his able leadership and the accomplishments of SADC during his tenure of office.
- Summit thanked representatives of other regional and continental organisations for attending the 2002 Summit.
- Summit expressed its appreciation to the Government and people of Angola for hosting the Summit and for the warm hospitality extended to all delegates. Summit also thanked all SADC institutions, which contributed to the successful organisation of the Summit.
- Summit expressed its gratitude to the international community for the support extended to SADC.
- His Excellency President Jose Eduardo Dos Santos of Angola officially closed the Summit, and outlined his vision as Chairperson of SADC for the next year.
- His Excellency President Benjamin Mkapa of the United Republic of Tanzania passed a vote of thanks in which he invited his colleagues to attend the next ordinary Summit in Tanzania in 2003.
- Finally, the Summit received with appreciation the report of the Third Meeting of the First Ladies on Poverty presented by Her Excellency Madame Patricia Shamil Muluzi, First Lady of the Republic of Malawi.
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